What are some common signs of drowning?

The reason the chosen answer is correct lies in recognizing the physiological signs that indicate an individual is in distress while drowning. A lack of movement, inability to call for help, and having the head submersed or low in the water are key indicators of drowning. Drowning typically progresses quickly and silently, often preventing individuals from calling out or moving effectively. Instead of being able to wave arms or shout, which are more common in a reaction to a situation where someone is merely struggling but not drowning, a person in real danger may exhibit a calm appearance from a distance but will actually be unable to rescue themselves.

In contrast, other behaviors like coughing or splashing can indicate someone is struggling or trying to breathe, but they do not inherently indicate that the person is drowning. Similarly, swimming in a straight line towards the shore does not signify distress; instead, it may indicate that the person is swimming effectively and competently. Understanding these signs is crucial for lifeguards and others in aquatic settings to promptly recognize and respond to true drowning situations.